Bacopa Monnieri is a potent Indian medicinal herb used for multiple ailments, but is significantly known as a nootropic or brain tonic and memory enhancer. It is a small perennial herbaceous plant commonly known as ‘Brahmi’, belonging to the family Scrophulariaceae. It is a renowned Indian medicinal plant that has been used as a neural tonic to improve intelligence and memory in the Ayurvedic medicinal system for more than 3000 years.

The milieu of nootropic phytochemicals found within Bacopa Monnieri, primarily triperpenoid saponins called 'Bacosides B.' Monnieri also contains alkaloid brahmine, nicotinine, herpestine, bacosides A and B, saponins A, B and C, triterpenoid saponins, stigmastanol, β-sitosterol, betulinic acid, D-mannitol, and stigmasterol.

The Bacopa herb, also called nootropic herb, helps in the repair of damaged neurons, neuronal synthesis, and the restoration of synaptic activity, and improves brain function.

The plant possesses a wide variety of pharmacologically active principles majorly including memory enhancing, tranquillizing, sedative, antidepressant, antioxidant, cognitive, and neuroprotective. It's main molecular mechanism concerns promoting neuron communication. It does this by increasing the growth of nerve endings, also called dendrites. Characteristics of saponins called “Bacosides”, particularly bacoside A, have been considered to be the major bioactive constituents responsible for the cognitive effects of B. Monnieri.